Category: Generalizations for any Fluid

We have seen in this chapter that calculus provides powerful tools permitting us to calculate changes in immeasurable properties in terms of other measurable properties. We started by defining additional convenience functions A, and G by performing Legendre transforms. We then reviewed basic calculus identities and extended throughout the remainder of the chapter. The ability to perform these…

Hints for Remembering the Auxiliary Relations Auxiliary relations can be easily written by memorizing the fundamental relation for dU and the natural variables for the other properties. Note that {T,S} and {P,V} always appear in pairs, and each pair is a set of conjugate variables. A Legendre transformation performed on internal energy among conjugate variables changes the…

In Chapters 1–5, we analyzed processes using either the ideal gas law to describe the fluid or a thermodynamic chart or table. We have not yet addressed what to do in the event that a thermodynamic chart/table is not available for a compound of interest and the ideal gas law is not valid for our fluid.…

One equation underlies all the other equations to be discussed in this chapter. It is the combined energy and entropy balances for a closed system without shaft work. The only special feature that we add in this section is that we eliminate any references to specific physical situations. Transforming to a purely mathematical realm, we…