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Colors

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by

Awais Farooq
in

HTML colors are a way of specifying the appearance of web elements. They are very important aspects of web design, as they not only enhance the visual appeal but also influence user behavior. They are also used to evoke emotions and highlight important content.

In HTML, colors are generally defined for backgrounds, borders and texts. To specify the colors, style attribute of HTML elements is used.

HTML Color Coding Methods

The following three methods are used to set colors in a web page −

  • Color names − We can specify color names directly like green, blue or red.
  • Hex codes − A six-digit code representing the amount of red, green, and blue that makes up the color.
  • Color decimal or percentage values − This value is specified using the rgb() property.

We will learn these color coding methods in upcoming chapters.

Setting Text Color in HTML

To set the text color in HTML, we specify the color value of text inside the color property of style attribute. The value of color can be specified using any of the above discussed methods.

Example

The following example shows how to set color for a text using color name method.

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Setting HTML Text Color </title></head><body><h2 style="color: Fuchsia;">Setting Text Color in HTML</h3><p style="color: Teal;">This line is created using paragraph tag and its color is <b>Teal</b>. </p><p style="color: SlateBlue;">This is another line created using paragraph tag and its color is <b>SlateBlue</b>. </p></body></html>

The above HTML code will generate one heading and two different paragraphs with distinct colors.

Setting Background Color in HTML

To set the background color for any HTML element, we specify the color value inside the background-color property of style attribute. The value of color can be specified using any of the above discussed methods.

Example

The following example shows how to set background color for HTML elements using color name method.

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Background Color </title></head><body><h2 style="background-color: Fuchsia;">Setting Background Color in HTML</h3><p style="background-color: Teal;">This line is created using paragraph tag and its background color is <b>Teal</b>.</p><p style="background-color: SlateBlue;">This is another line created using paragraph tag and its background color is <b>SlateBlue</b>.</p></body></html>

On executing the above HTML code, it will generate one heading and two different paragraphs with distinct background colors.

Setting Border Color in HTML

To set the border color for any HTML element, we specify the color value inside the border property of style attribute. The value of color can be specified using any of the above discussed methods.

Example

In the following example, we are going to set border color for HTML elements using color name method.

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Border Color </title></head><body><h2 style="border: 2.5px solid Fuchsia;">Setting Border Color in HTML</h3><p style="border: 2.5px dotted Teal;">This line is created using paragraph tag and its border color is <b>Teal</b>. </p><p style="border: 2.5px dashed SlateBlue;">This is another line created using paragraph tag and its border color is <b>SlateBlue</b>. </p></body></html>

When we execute the above HTML code, it will generate one heading and two different paragraphs with distinct border colors.

HTML Colors – Color Names

We can specify direct a color name to set text or background color. W3C has listed 16 basic color names that will validate with an HTML validator but there are over 200 different color names supported by major browsers.

Note: Check a complete list of HTML Color Name.

W3C Standard 16 Colors

Here is the list of W3C Standard 16 Colors names and it is recommended to use them.

BlackGraySilverWhite
YellowLimeAquaFuchsia
RedGreenBluePurple
MaroonOliveNavyTeal

Example

Here are the examples to set background of an HTML tag by color name −

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>HTML Colors by Name</title></head><body text="blue" bgcolor="green"><p>Use different color names for for body and table and see the result.</p><table bgcolor="black"><tr><td><font color="white">This text will appear white on black background.</font></td></tr></table></body></html>

Browser Safe Colors

Here is the list of 216 colors which are supposed to be safest and computer independent colors. These colors very from hexa code 000000 to FFFFFF and they will be supported by all the computers having 256 color palette.

0000000000330000660000990000CC0000FF
0033000033330033660033990033CC0033FF
0066000066330066660066990066CC0066FF
0099000099330099660099990099CC0099FF
00CC0000CC3300CC6600CC9900CCCC00CCFF
00FF0000FF3300FF6600FF9900FFCC00FFFF
3300003300333300663300993300CC3300FF
3333003333333333663333993333CC3333FF
3366003366333366663366993366CC3366FF
3399003399333399663399993399CC3399FF
33CC0033CC3333CC6633CC9933CCCC33CCFF
33FF0033FF3333FF6633FF9933FFCC33FFFF
6600006600336600666600996600CC6600FF
6633006633336633666633996633CC6633FF
6666006666336666666666996666CC6666FF
6699006699336699666699996699CC6699FF
66CC0066CC3366CC6666CC9966CCCC66CCFF
66FF0066FF3366FF6666FF9966FFCC66FFFF
9900009900339900669900999900CC9900FF
9933009933339933669933999933CC9933FF
9966009966339966669966999966CC9966FF
9999009999339999669999999999CC9999FF
99CC0099CC3399CC6699CC9999CCCC99CCFF
99FF0099FF3399FF6699FF9999FFCC99FFFF
CC0000CC0033CC0066CC0099CC00CCCC00FF
CC3300CC3333CC3366CC3399CC33CCCC33FF
CC6600CC6633CC6666CC6699CC66CCCC66FF
CC9900CC9933CC9966CC9999CC99CCCC99FF
CCCC00CCCC33CCCC66CCCC99CCCCCCCCCCFF
CCFF00CCFF33CCFF66CCFF99CCFFCCCCFFFF
FF0000FF0033FF0066FF0099FF00CCFF00FF
FF3300FF3333FF3366FF3399FF33CCFF33FF
FF6600FF6633FF6666FF6699FF66CCFF66FF
FF9900FF9933FF9966FF9999FF99CCFF99FF
FFCC00FFCC33FFCC66FFCC99FFCCCCFFCCFF
FFFF00FFFF33FFFF66FFFF99FFFFCCFFFFFF

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